大学英语作文常见语法错误
一、主谓不一致
在英语句子中，主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。但在写作中，这一错误较为常见，稍不注意就会犯错。例如，如果主语是第三人称单数（如he/she/it或者单数的名词），谓语动词应该采用第三人称单数形式。像“My sister go to school”就是错误的，这里主语“My sister”为第三人称单数，正确的句子应该是“My sister goes to school”1。
二、句子成分残缺
（一）从句成分残缺
在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词如果在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时不能随意省略，否则会造成句子成分残缺。例如，“I like the book which very interesting”，这里的which在从句中做主语，不能省略，正确的句子应该是“I like the book which is very interesting”1。
（二）其他句子成分残缺
例如“We always working till late at night before taking exams”，此句中缺少谓语动词be，正确的句子应该是“We are always working till late at night before taking exams”3。
三、中式英语
（一）逐字翻译
受母语影响，学生容易按照汉语的语法和表达习惯去写英语句子，从而写出中式英语。比如“打他的脸”，如果写成“hit his face”就是中式英语，正确的表达应该是“hit him in the face”；“我认为保持美丽的最好方法就是运动”写成“In my opinion I think the best way to stay beautiful is doing sports”就存在用词累赘的问题，正确的是“I think the best way to stay beautiful is doing sports”或者“In my opinion, the best way to stay beautiful is doing sports”，因为“in my opinion”和“I think”意义重复2。

大学英语短文写作经典范文分析
（一）以“学生社会实践活动”范文为例
结构分析
开头：“There is no doubt that students can benefit a lot from social practice activities.”直接点明主题，表明学生能从社会实践活动中获益良多，这种开门见山的方式能让读者迅速抓住文章主旨 19.
主体：从三个方面阐述学生能获得的好处，“First, they are provided with more chances and opportunities to contact with our real society and broaden their horizon. Second, it is a good chance for them to apply their theory knowledge to practice and improve their ability. Third, students can enjoy the happiness of work and realize their value.”每个论点都条理清晰，使用“First, Second, Third”这样的连接词使得文章层次分明。然后通过“However”转折，提出在参加社会实践活动过程中也有需要注意的事情，如“students should take care of themselves well and interchange labor and repose during the work. In addition, they should not ignore their studies when they are working.”这种先阐述好处再提及注意事项的结构，使文章内容更加全面。
结尾：文章虽未明确再次总结，但主体部分已经将利弊阐述清楚，结构完整。
语言分析
用词：“benefit a lot”“broaden their horizon”“apply...to practice”等词组的使用，准确地表达了作者的意思，并且体现了一定的词汇量。
句式：以简单句为主，穿插了一些并列句，如“First, they are provided with... and broaden...”使句子结构丰富，易于理解。
（二）以“家长对孩子缺乏创造力失望”的范文分析
结构分析
开头：通过描述家长对关掉电视陪伴孩子的态度引出孩子缺乏创造力这一现象，先提出家长的观点和观察结果，如“Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off TV and spending more time with the family are still worded that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember thinking up all sorts of things to do when they were kids. But their own kids seem different，less resourceful， somewhat.”这种从现象入手的方式能够引起读者的兴趣，为下文的讨论做铺垫 26.
主体：以一位父亲的话为例具体阐述家长对孩子的失望，如“One father， for example， says， When I was a kid， we were always thinking up things to do. We certainly never complain in an annoying way to our parents: 'have nothing to do! ' He compares this with his own children today: They're simply lazy.”然后分析这种失望是不公平的，并阐述原因。
结尾：总结强调不应压抑孩子的天性，使文章有一个完整的逻辑闭环。
语言分析
用词：“resourceful”“deplores”等词汇的使用比较高级，显示出作者的词汇储备。
句式：既有长句如“He deplores his children' s lack of inventiveness， as if the ability to play were something innate that his children are missing.”也有短句，长短句结合使文章富有节奏感。